A2 GERMAN CHAPTER 11E

Key Topics Covered:
Vocabulary:
Animals (Tiere): The speaker lists German words for animals, including das Tier (the animal), die Tiere (the animals), das Schwein (the pig), die Henne (the hen), das Pferd (the horse), die Kuh (the cow), die Katze (the cat), and der Vogel (the bird).
Landscape (Landschaft): The landscape vocabulary includes das Dorf (the village), der Strand (the beach), das Tal (the valley), das Feld (the field), der Wald (the forest), das Blatt (the leaf) with the plural die Blätter, and der Baum (the tree).
Other Nouns: Other nouns covered include die Wolke (the cloud), der Stern (the star), der Stein (the stone), der Schnee (the snow), der Mond (the moon), der Mund (the mouth), das Meer (the sea), der See (the lake), die Blume (the flower), der Regen (the rain), die Sonne (the sun), der Wein (the wine), das Bier (the beer), der Weg (the way/road), das Schaf (the sheep), der Hund (the dog), die Autobahn (the motorway/freeway), der Fluss (the river), and der Wind (the wind). The speaker notes that die Autobahn in Germany has no speed limit.
Grammar:
Modal Verbs: The lesson covered modal verbs such as können, müssen, wollen, and mögen. The speaker stressed that modal verbs always take the preterite (simple past) tense in German, unlike other verbs. When a modal verb is used, the main verb goes to the end of the sentence in its unconjugated, infinitive form. The past tense forms of the modal verbs were discussed, noting they lose their umlauts in the preterite.
Conjunctions and Sentence Connectors (Konjunktionen/Bindewörter):
Connectors that do not affect word order: denn, aber, oder, und, sondern, and doch were listed as connectors that do not change the standard word order. Sondern is used for comparison, meaning "rather".
Connectors that push the verb to the end: Conjunctions such as dass and weil send the conjugated verb to the end of the subordinate clause.
Indirect Questions: The speaker explained that when W-Fragen (questions starting with a 'W' like wo, wann, warum) are used as conjunctions to form indirect questions, the conjugated verb moves to the end of the sentence.
Prepositions: The prepositions hinter (behind) and hinten (at the back) were contrasted, with hinter being used with nouns. The fixed preposition vor is used with Angst haben (to have fear).
The speaker encourages the students to take screenshots and practice forming sentences, particularly using prepositions to describe pictures and landscapes. The video concludes with the speaker discussing their upcoming work schedule, which may affect the timing of the next lesson.




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