The Hypothalamus Regulates Satiety | Part 3 Neurobiology of Food Intake | Macronutrients Lecture 39

The POMC and Agouti-related peptide neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus signal to the paraventricular nucleus to regulate satiety. Subscribe to Nourishable at    / nourishable  

This video is part 3 of the Neurobiology of Food Intake module within a lecture series on the nutrition science of macronutrients.

Neurobiology of Food Intake Lecture playlist:    • Neurobiology of Food Intake  

Macronutrients Lecture playlist:    • Macronutrients Lectures  

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The information in this video is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. All content, including text, graphics, images and information, contained on or available through this video is for general information purposes only.

References
Klockars, A. et al. Hypothalamic Integration of the Endocrine Signaling Related to Food Intake. Curr. Topics Behav. Neurosci. (2019) 43:239-270


Nuclei within the hypothalamus are involved in regulating satiety. The arcuate nucleus contains two important clusters of neurons - the pre-pro-melanocortin producing neurons (abbreviated as POMC neurons) and the Agouti-related peptide neurons (abbreviated at AgRP neurons). Both POMC and AgRP neurons send signals to another nucleus within the hypothalamus called the paraventricular hypothalamus, or PVH. When the PVH is stimulated, in inhibits food intake and induces satiety. POMC neurons stimulate the PVH using the neurotransmitter alpha-MSH. Alpha-MSH stimulation of the PVH induces satiety, making the POMC neurons anorexigenic. The AgRP neurons inhibit the PVH using the neurotransmitter neuropeptide Y (NPY). When the PVH is inhibited then the brakes on satiety are released, causing an increase in food intake. This makes the AgRP neurons orexigenic. Additionally, AgRP neurons inhibit the POMC neurons to make sure there is no positive alpha-MSH stimulation coming from POMC. Both alpha-MSH and NPY neurotransmitters bind to the MC4R receptor on the PVH. Alpha-MSH stimulates the PVH through the MC4R receptor, and NPY inhibits the PVH through MC4R.