Designing Effective Task-Based Lessons

In this video, we explore the principles behind Task Based Language Teaching (TBLT) and Project Based Instruction, challenging the traditional bottom up approach to language learning. We examine why starting with meaning rather than grammar can fundamentally change how learners acquire a second language.

What You Will Learn
Traditional methodologies, such as PPP (Presentation Practice Production), are built on the belief that accuracy leads to fluency. Task based instruction turns this idea on its head, arguing instead that fluency comes first and that the need to communicate is what truly drives language learning.
Key Highlights:
• The Philosophy of Dave Willis: Discover why the creation of meaning should be the first stage of learning, with language refinement coming later.
• TBLT vs Traditional Syllabuses: Explore the contrast between synthetic, form oriented syllabuses that focus on grammar and holistic, meaning oriented syllabuses built around tasks.
• Real World vs Classroom Tasks: Learn how authentic tasks, such as describing a medical problem, and classroom activities like picture dictation promote meaningful cognitive engagement.
• Task Based vs Task Supported Learning: Understand how tasks can function either as the core of a curriculum or as a culminating activity within more traditional instruction.

A Typical Task Based Lesson Structure
We break down the four essential stages of a TBLT lesson:
1. Introducing and Setting the Task
Engaging learners and activating prior knowledge without pre teaching grammar or vocabulary.
2. Task Performance
Learners work in pairs or groups to complete a meaningful task while the teacher provides support only when needed.
3. The Post Task Phase
A crucial stage for reflection and focused attention on form, where the teacher offers feedback and addresses language issues that emerged.
4. Task Repetition
A powerful stage in which repeating the task with small variations helps strengthen both fluency and accuracy.