Laytime & Demurrage Explained | Avoiding Costly Chartering Disputes

Laytime and Demurrage are among the most misunderstood topics in voyage chartering — and misunderstanding them can lead to expensive commercial disputes and strained relationships between shipowners and charterers.

In this video, Captain Bazina explains when laytime starts, pauses, and ends, how Demurrage is triggered, and how to avoid costly disagreements in voyage chartering. Through practical explanations, real operational context, and key charterparty clauses, this session simplifies what many in the industry still struggle with.

In this video, you will learn:
✅ Laytime, Demurrage, and Despatch explained clearly
✅ When laytime begins, stops, and resumes
✅ BIMCO Laytime Definitions 2013
✅ Types of Laytime (Berth, Port, SHINC, SHEX, Unless Used)
✅ The principle: “Once on Demurrage, Always on Demurrage”
✅ Common mistakes in laytime calculations
✅ Practical tips to protect your commercial and legal interests

Key Recommendations:
• Review laytime clauses carefully before fixing a charter
• Ensure clarity on NOR, time counting, and exceptions
• Maintain accurate port records and documentation
• Seek expert or P&I advice where uncertainty exists
• Prevent disputes through clear understanding and proactive communication

Whether you’re a shipowner, charterer, broker, operator, lawyer, or marine insurer, understanding Laytime and Demurrage can save you thousands of dollars — and strengthen your commercial position.

Subscribe for more professional insights on ship chartering, maritime law, commercial risk, and practical ship operation guidance.
Learn more at: www.captainbazina.com

⏱️ Chapters:
0:00 Introduction – Why Laytime & Demurrage Matter
0:35 Understanding Laytime Under Voyage Charter
1:20 Clause Examples – Gencon 2022 and Shellvoy 6
2:00 Demurrage and Despatch Explained
2:40 Types of Laytime: Average, Reversible, and Others
3:30 Key Charterparty Terms – NOR, WIBON, WIPON, WWD
4:15 SHINC, SHEX, and “Unless Used” Clauses
5:00 Once on Demurrage, Always on Demurrage
5:45 Delay Due to Owner’s Fault – Exceptions to the Rule
6:30 When Does Laytime Actually Start?
7:20 Conditions to Trigger Laytime (Arrival, Readiness, NOR)
8:10 Common Mistakes in Laytime Calculations
9:00 Waiting Time at Anchorage and Conversion Clauses
9:40 Shifting Time and Expenses (Gencon 2022 Clause 12)
10:20 Weather Delays and Laytime Definitions 2013
11:00 Recommendations to Safeguard Commercial Interests
11:45 Final Thoughts – Avoiding Costly Chartering Disputes
12:15 Outro – Subscribe & Learn More at CaptainBazina.com
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