Anatomy Case Based Questions - Part 2

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KEY
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THORAX

Q. No. 1
Probable Diagnosis – Stable Angina / Angina Pectoris;
Causative Structures – Coronary Arteries.

Q. No. 2
Probable Diagnosis – Unstable Angina / Myocardial Infarction;
Causative Structures – Coronary Arteries.

Q. No. 3
Probable Diagnosis – Lung Cancer suggestive of Hilar Tumour;
Affected Organ – Lung.

Q. No. 4
Probable Diagnosis – Lung Cancer suggestive of Apical Tumour;
Affected Organ – Lung.

Q. No. 5
Probable Diagnosis – Pleural Effusion;
Structure showing the lesion – Pleura.

Q. No. 6
Probable Spaces of Chest wall approached – 5th or 6th Intercostal spaces;
Spaces of Chest Wall – Intercostal Spaces.

Q. No. 7
Heart Chamber involved with the Thrombus – Right Atrium.

ABDOMEN

Q. No. 1
Probable Diagnosis - Carcinoma of Head of the Pancreas;
Anatomical Basis for the Symptoms – Enlarged head of the Pancreas obstructing the second part of Duodenum & Bile duct;
Affected Organ – Pancreas.

Q. No. 2
Probable Diagnosis – Acquired Diaphragmatic Hernia due to rupture of left hemi-diaphragm;
Structure Injured – Thoraco-abdominal Diaphragm.

Q. No. 3
Probable Diagnosis – Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (Bochdalek’s Hernia);
Structure Affected – Thoraco-abdominal Diaphragm.

Q. No. 4
Probable Diagnosis – Cirrhosis of Liver;
Affected Organ - Liver.

Q. No. 5
Probable Diagnosis – Portal Hypertension causing Caput Medusae;
Structure causing the dilatation of veins – Portal vein.

Q. No. 6
Probable Diagnosis – Portal Hypertension causing Oesophageal Varices;
Structure causing the blood vomiting – Portal vein.

Q. No. 7
Probable Diagnosis – Internal Haemorrhoids or Piles;
Structure Affected with Swellings – Anal canal.

Q. No. 8
Probable Diagnosis – Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH);
Affected Organ – Prostate Gland.

Q. No. 9
Probable Diagnosis – Carcinoma of Prostatic Gland;
Affected Organ – Prostate Gland.

Q. No. 10
Probable Diagnosis – Carcinoma of Stomach;
Affected Structure – Stomach.

Q. No. 11
Probable Diagnosis – Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis;
Viscera Affected with Hypertrophy – Stomach.

Q. No. 12
Probable Diagnosis – Perforation of First part of Duodenum;
Anatomical Basis – Chronic peptic ulcer affecting the posterior wall of first part of duodenum may cause perforation of the wall and erosion of gastroduodenal artery running behind the first part of duodenum, which leads to haemorrhage in the peritoneal cavity;
Affected Viscera – Duodenum.

Q. No. 13
Probable Diagnosis – Strangulated Indirect Inguinal Hernia;
Groin Area Involved – Inguinal Canal.

Q. No. 14
Probable Diagnosis – Direct Inguinal Hernia;
Groin Area Involved – Inguinal Canal.

Q. No. 15
Probable Diagnosis – Indirect Inguinal Hernia;
Groin Area Involved – Inguinal Canal.

Q. No. 16
Probable Diagnosis – Undescended Testis;
Structure Involved – Testis.

Q. No. 17
Probable Diagnosis – Prolapse of Uterus;
Involved Organ – Uterus.

Q. No. 18
Probable Diagnosis – Carcinoma of Uterus;
Involved Organ – Uterus.

Q. No. 19
Probable Diagnosis – Polycystic Kidneys;
Affected Viscera – Kidneys.

Q. No. 20
Probable Diagnosis – Carcinoma of Rectum;
Affected Structure – Rectum.

Q. No. 21
Probable Diagnosis – Urinary Bladder Calculus;
Affected Pelvic Viscera – Urinary Bladder.

LOWER LIMB

Q. No. 1
Probable Diagnosis – Femoral Hernia;
Involved Region of the Thigh – Femoral Triangle.

Q. No. 2
Probable Site of Fracture – Acetabulum of Hip Bone;
Joint Affected – Hip Joint.

Q. No. 3
Condition – Foot Drop;
Structure Affected due to the Fracture – Common Peroneal Nerve.

Q. No. 4
Probable Diagnosis – Sciatica due to compression of a root of Sciatic Nerve by the Herniated disc;
Structure Affected – Sciatic Nerve.

Q. No. 5
Probable Diagnosis – Rupture of Anterior Cruciate Ligament;
Affected Joint – Knee Joint.

Q. No. 6
Condition – Varicose Veins;
Structure Affected – Great Saphenous Vein.

Q. No. 7
Probable Diagnosis – Ankle Sprain;
Involved Joint – Ankle Joint.

Q. No. 8
Probable Diagnosis – Popliteal Artery Aneurysm;
Involved Area Behind the Knee – Popliteal Fossa.

Q. No. 9
Probable Diagnosis – Flat Foot;
Anatomical Basis – Due to cut injury behind the medial malleolus the tibialis posterior tendon is damaged and the muscle became atrophic which has led to the loss of suspension of medial longitudinal arch resulting in Flat foot.