Part 8: Human Excretory System: Internal Structure of Kidney (Longitudinal Section of Kidney)
Автор: Swapna Tutorial Class
Загружено: 2025-12-10
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Coverings of Kidney
– Renal capsule (inner fibrous layer) - Protects the internal tissues and gives shape to the organ.
– Adipose capsule (fat layer ) -protecting the kidney , Mechanical shock absorber
– Renal fascia (outermost connective tissue layer)- fix kidney to dorsal body wall
The internal structure of the human kidney, visible in a longitudinal section, is organized into the renal cortex, renal medulla, and the renal pelvis. The cortex forms the outer granular region and contains millions of nephrons, including the renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules responsible for filtration and early reabsorption. Beneath it lies the medulla, composed of several cone-shaped renal pyramids whose bases face the cortex and whose pointed ends, the renal papillae, open into minor calyces. These minor calyces merge to form major calyces, which unite to create the renal pelvis, a large funnel-like cavity that collects urine and passes it into the ureter. Between the pyramids, vertical columns of cortical tissue called renal columns allow blood vessels to pass deeper into the kidney. The hilum on the inner border serves as the entry and exit point for the renal artery, renal vein, nerves, and ureters. Altogether, this arrangement ensures efficient blood filtration, selective reabsorption, and the smooth transport of urine out of the kidney.
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