Synthetic Organic Insecticides || DDT || DFDT || Chlorine Based Compounds ||

Hello everyone how are you.
today in this video we are discussing about synthetic Organic compounds for controlling of insects.
Synthetic Organic Insecticides

The first synthetic organic insecticide was used in 1892 in the form of dinitrocresol. After World War II DDT came into existence. After that many synthetic organic insecticides were formed.

(1) Organochlorine compounds or chlorinated hydrocarbons (Fig. 1):

These compounds have carbon, hydrogen and chlorine as their basic constituents. Some of these compounds have O₂ and sulphur also.
These are of following types:

(a) D.D.T. (Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane) C,H,Cl,) (Fig. 1),

It was first synthesized in 1894 by Zeidler. It was established as an insecticide în 1939 by Muller. It acts as nerve poison. It's forms like Methoxychlor and DFDT are more effective than DDT.

(b) B.H.C. or Benzene hexachloride (CHCI):

It is chlorinated form of benzene, it is more toxic than DDT. It is phytotoxic upto some extent. It is stomach poison and contact insecticide.

Both DDT and BHC are non-biodegradable so their use is banned.

*(c) Chlorinated terpenes. These insecticides are produced by chlorination of naturally occurring terpenes. Its examples are toxaphene and strobane etc.

Toxaphene (CHCI) (Fig. 1). It is effective against grasshoppers, cotton pests and insect pests of live stock. It is toxic to cucurbits, but non-toxic to honey bees. It is a stomach and contact poison.
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(d) Cyclodiene insecticides. These are highly chlorinated cyclic hydrocarbons. These are nerve poisons and act on ganglia of the insects. The insects show convulsions, hyperactivity and prostration eg chlordane, heptachlor, aldrin, dieldrin etc.

Chlordane or octachlor (CH,Cl,). It is useful for soil treatment of the insects like termites, wire worms and white grubs. It is a contact poison.

Heptachlor (CHCI). It is a nerve poison and controls soil insects

It is used as dust. It Aldrin (CH,CL). It is used effectively against soil insects like termites. It also controls locusts and grasshoppers

Dieldrin (CH, CL,O). It controls pests of cotton. It is used effectively to control household pests like flies, Thrips, termites and grubs.

Endrin (CH,CI,O). It is most toxic. It is effective agaisnt grasshoppers, lepidopteran larvae and coleopterous insects etc

(II) Organophosphorus insecticides

These are common derivatives of phosphates and contain one or two molecules of phosphorus The phosphorus esters inhibit the activity of enzyme cholinesterase. So its effect results in nausea, salivation, paralysis and death of insects. It causes effect on mammals like coma and convulsions. Sume are contact and stomach poisons, others are systemic insecticides.

Contact poisons. Dichlorvos, Malathion, Diazinon, Parathion, Fenitrothion, Dipterex.

Systemic insecticides. Phosphamidon, Monocrotophos, Quinalphos, Thiomton, Formothion,

Phorate

(III) Carbamates

These are derivatives of carbamic acid and have an-OCON group. The toxic carbamates are derived from carbamic acid and dithiocarbamic acid eg. Isobenphos, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Aldicrab.

Isofenphos. It is a stomach poison. It controls rice stem borer, vegetable flies and beetles

Carbaryl. It is non specific, contart or stomach poison. It controls human lice and lice of other domestic animals.

Carbofuran. It is very effective against sucking pests, mites, thrips etc.

Aldicrab, It is a systemic insecticide, very effective against variety of insects, mites and nematodes

(IV) Organic sulphur compounds. These are very stable Insecticides. Their toxicity to mammals is very less.

eg. Genitol fenson, omite, sulphenone.

(V) Fixed oils and soaps. These are derived from plants and animals. The oils like caster oil, linseed oil etc. form soaps with alkaline base. The soap dissolved in water act as contact poison.

yours query
synthetic organic insecticide
history of synthetic organic insecticide
types of synthetic organic Insecticides
organochlorine compounds
BHC
Organophosphorus compounds
Carbamates
Organic sulphur compounds
Fixed oil and shops



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