Pectoralis Major

In this video, let’s understand one of the most important muscles of the pectoral region—Pectoralis Major.
Pectoralis major forms the anterior wall of the axilla and gives the characteristic contour of the chest.
It has two principal heads:
• a clavicular head, arising from the medial half of clavicle,
and
• a sternocostal head, arising from sternum and upper six costal cartilages.
The fibres converge laterally to form a thick tendon which twists before insertion into the lateral lip of the bicipital groove of humerus. Remember this twist, because during insertion the lower fibres pass superiorly and the upper fibres pass inferiorly – a favourite examination point.
Now what does the muscle do?
Pectoralis major adducts, flexes and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder joint.
Daily life examples include hugging, lifting a child, pushing a heavy door, or performing push-ups.
The muscle is supplied by both lateral and medial pectoral nerves.
Clinically, in mastectomy surgeries, these nerves are usually preserved to maintain upper limb movement.
Hypertrophy of this muscle is common in athletes and weight-lifters, whereas congenital absence is seen in Poland syndrome.
So this is the strong pectoral muscle that not only gives the power of movement at the shoulder but also protects the underlying thoracic structures. Let us explore its relations and applied anatomy in detail.”

0:00- Start
0:02 - Introduction to the pectoral region
0:36 - Overview of the four muscles in the pectoral region
1:18 - Detailed explanation of pectoralis major
6:37 - Discussion on the attachments of pectoralis major
10:32 - Overview of nerve supply and actions of pectoralis major
11:25 - Mention of Poland syndrome and conclusion

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